Antarctic sea ice

Image credit: Michael Marsland (Yale University, New Haven, CT).We need evidence-based answers in order to create migration policies that balance First, satellites allow monitoring of the full Antarctic sea ice cover every 1 or 2 d. Second, the satellite passive-microwave record extends back to the 1970s. Spanning over four decades, the satellite record shows periods of increasing and decreasing sea ice, but few of those trends have been statistically significant. Other monthly images show sea ice concentration and anomalies and trends in concentration.The daily Sea Ice Index provides a quick look at Antarctic-wide changes in sea ice. So overall, average Antarctic ice thickness is much lower than Arctic sea ice. In 2017, scientists published details on sea-ice variation in the Arctic Ocean, spanning 10,000 years, a period known as the Holocene. By so doing, they deprive their audiences of historical perspective. Arctic sea ice extents, areas, and trends, 1978-1996Arctic sea ice in transformation: A review of recent observed changes and impacts on biology and human activityMelting ice: What is happening to Arctic sea ice, and what does it mean for us?Antarctic sea ice variability and trends, 1979-2010Comparing and contrasting the behaviour of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice over the 35-year period 1979-2013A review of recent changes in Southern Ocean sea ice, their drivers and forcingsInterpretation of recent Southern Hemisphere climate changeNon-annular atmospheric circulation change induced by stratospheric ozone depletion and its role in the recent increase of Antarctic sea ice extentHas the ozone hole contributed to increased Antarctic sea ice extent?Antarctic climate response to stratospheric ozone depletion in a fine resolution ocean climate modelTrends in Antarctic annual sea ice retreat and advance and their relation to El Niño–Southern Oscillation and southern annular mode variabilityAntarctic sea-ice expansion between 2000 and 2014 driven by tropical Pacific decadal climate variabilityImportant role for ocean warming and increased ice-shelf melt in Antarctic sea-ice expansionThe influence of recent Antarctic ice sheet retreat on simulated sea ice area trendsDeriving long-term time series of sea ice cover from satellite passive-microwave multisensor data setsIntersensor calibration between F13 SSMI and F17 SSMIS for global sea ice data recordsArctic and Antarctic Sea Ice, 1978-1987: Satellite Passive-Microwave Observations and AnalysisAn Introduction to Error Analysis: The Study of Uncertainties in Physical MeasurementsStatistical significance of trends and trend differences in layer-average atmospheric temperature time seriesSTATISTICS.

Sea ice spreads over vast areas and has major impacts on the rest of the climate system, reflecting solar radiation and restricting ocean/atmosphere exchanges. The heavy snow burden can depress ice floes, and seawater can subsequently flood those floes.Young, thin ice floats in the Amundsen Sea on October 16, 2009. The graph also includes a comparison line for the 1981 through 2010 average (solid grey line) that is plotted for the previous four months as well as the upcoming month. This graph provides a snapshot of changes in ice extent for the last four months. What do the changes in the Arctic and the Antarctica really entail?The Arctic is more often used in climate doomsday narratives than Antarctica. This graph shows each year’s minimum ice extent—the lowest daily extent of the year—since the start of the satellite record in 1979. The light gray area around the 1981-2010 average line shows the two standard deviation range of the data. But in every single month, the error bar exceeded the trend: year-to-year variability dwarfed long-term trends.Land-sea configurations affect sea ice extents not only by limiting where ice can form, but also by introducing their own effects. One key difference is the larger range between austral winter maximum extent and summer minimum extent.

We do not capture any email address.Copyright © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. It is a source for consistently processed ice extent and concentration images and data values since 1979. It is a source for consistently processed ice extent and concentration images and data values since 1979. As a result, Antarctic sea ice is relatively thin, often 1 meter (about 3 feet) or less. Third, the microwave signal from sea ice is quite distinct from the microwave signal from liquid water. The Antarctic ice sheet is one of the two polar ice caps of the Earth.It covers about 98% of the Antarctic continent and is the largest single mass of ice on Earth.